The aim of this book is to analyze the role and limits of actions were taken by the Brazilian State within the Science, Technology & Innovation context, from the position of the 1988 Constitutional Economic Order. Among some specific goals, the idea is to assess arguments focused on finding ways to make sure that the State will not stop promoting or delaying the technological development, as well as assessing the instruments already in place in the Legal Framework of Science, Technology, and innovation (Legal Framework), mainly in the energy sector.